(English_MFA_dictionary_v3_1_0)= # English MFA dictionary v3.1.0 ``````{dictionary} English MFA dictionary v3.1.0 :id: "English MFA dictionary v3_1_0" :tags: English;MFA;IPA :language: "English" :dialect: N/A :layout: mfa :template: dictionary_template :phoneset: "MFA" :license: "CC BY 4.0" ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/english/mfa/v3.1.0/README.md :start-after: "## Dictionary details" :end-before: "## Installation" ``` ```{admonition} Acoustic models * {ref}`english_mfa_acoustic_model_v3_1_0` ``` `````` ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/english/mfa/v3.1.0/README.md :start-after: "new)." ``` ## IPA Charts ### Consonants Obstruent symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced. ``````{list-table} :header-rows: 1 :stub-columns: 1 :class: consonant_chart table-striped table-bordered * - Manner - Labial - Labiodental - Dental - Alveolar - Alveopalatal - Retroflex - Palatal - Velar - Glottal * - {manner}`Nasal` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * m * Occurrences: 7893 * Examples * mʲ * Occurrences: 1448 * Examples * m̩ * Occurrences: 1 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * n * Occurrences: 16223 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɲ * Occurrences: 2725 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ŋ * Occurrences: 3399 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Stop` {submanner}`Plain` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * p * Occurrences: 6672 * Examples * pʲ * Occurrences: 320 * Examples * pʷ * Occurrences: 3 * Examples * voiced * b * Occurrences: 5067 * Examples * bʲ * Occurrences: 855 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * t̪ * Occurrences: 656 * Examples * voiced * d̪ * Occurrences: 93 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * t * Occurrences: 8341 * Examples * tʲ * Occurrences: 2662 * Examples * tʷ * Occurrences: 45 * Examples * voiced * d * Occurrences: 7826 * Examples * dʲ * Occurrences: 1929 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ʈ * Occurrences: 4719 * Examples * ʈʲ * Occurrences: 847 * Examples * ʈʷ * Occurrences: 3 * Examples * voiced * ɖ * Occurrences: 1727 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * c * Occurrences: 2580 * Examples * cʷ * Occurrences: 204 * Examples * voiced * ɟ * Occurrences: 658 * Examples * ɟʷ * Occurrences: 31 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * k * Occurrences: 8663 * Examples * kʷ * Occurrences: 188 * Examples * voiced * ɡ * Occurrences: 3146 * Examples * ɡʷ * Occurrences: 36 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {submanner}`Aspirated` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * pʰ * Occurrences: 484 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * tʰ * Occurrences: 780 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * cʰ * Occurrences: 816 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * kʰ * Occurrences: 445 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Affricate` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * tʃ * Occurrences: 1279 * Examples * voiced * dʒ * Occurrences: 2246 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Sibilant` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * s * Occurrences: 16346 * Examples * voiced * z * Occurrences: 8015 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ʃ * Occurrences: 3321 * Examples * voiced * ʒ * Occurrences: 109 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Fricative` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * f * Occurrences: 3475 * Examples * fʲ * Occurrences: 924 * Examples * voiced * v * Occurrences: 2578 * Examples * vʲ * Occurrences: 231 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * θ * Occurrences: 325 * Examples * voiced * ð * Occurrences: 155 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ç * Occurrences: 480 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * h * Occurrences: 1765 * Examples ``` * - {manner}`Approximant` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * w * Occurrences: 504 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ʋ * Occurrences: 2194 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɹ * Occurrences: 14295 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * j * Occurrences: 590 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Tap` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɾ * Occurrences: 143 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Lateral` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * l * Occurrences: 7854 * Examples * ɫ * Occurrences: 3204 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ʎ * Occurrences: 3874 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` `````` ### Vowels Vowel symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unrounded and those to the right are rounded. ``````{list-table} :header-rows: 1 :stub-columns: 1 :class: vowel_chart table-striped table-bordered * - - Front - Near-Front - Central - Near-Back - Back * - Close - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * i * Occurrences: 11109 * Examples * iː * Occurrences: 2844 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * ʉ * Occurrences: 528 * Examples * ʉː * Occurrences: 1402 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * u * Occurrences: 323 * Examples * uː * Occurrences: 735 * Examples ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɪ * Occurrences: 14178 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * ʊ * Occurrences: 1180 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Close-Mid - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * e * Occurrences: 1923 * Examples * ej * Occurrences: 1174 * Examples * eː * Occurrences: 2017 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * o * Occurrences: 262 * Examples * ow * Occurrences: 621 * Examples * oː * Occurrences: 892 * Examples ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ə * Occurrences: 18989 * Examples * ɚ * Occurrences: 1139 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Open-Mid - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɛ * Occurrences: 9479 * Examples * ɛː * Occurrences: 217 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɜ * Occurrences: 60 * Examples * ɜː * Occurrences: 618 * Examples * ɝ * Occurrences: 451 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * ɔ * Occurrences: 2180 * Examples ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * æ * Occurrences: 1277 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɐ * Occurrences: 2583 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Open - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * a * Occurrences: 11153 * Examples * aː * Occurrences: 590 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɑ * Occurrences: 2490 * Examples * ɑː * Occurrences: 1211 * Examples * rounded * ɒ * Occurrences: 4054 * Examples * ɒː * Occurrences: 1366 * Examples ``` `````` #### Diphthongs * {ipa_inline}`aj` * {ipa_inline}`aw` * {ipa_inline}`ej` * {ipa_inline}`ow` * {ipa_inline}`ɔj` * {ipa_inline}`əw`